The History of State Flags and Their Designs

Every U.S. state flag tells a story, a blend of history, culture, pride, and symbolism woven into cloth. From classic state flag designs adopted in the early 20th century to modern redesign efforts driven by public input, state flags have evolved in fascinating ways. Understanding how these flags came to be—and why some are redesigned or subject to public contests—reveals a tapestry of creativity, civic engagement, and shared identity that stretches from sea to shining sea.

When most people imagine a state flag, they picture a seal on a blue field. While this motif is common, the deeper history of U.S. state flags includes remarkable designs born of contests, cultural symbolism, and meaningful choices that reflect each state’s unique story. We celebrate not just the finished product but the history and community behind every banner.

Design Contests: Crafting Symbols of Identity

Across America, design contests have played a pivotal role in creating state flags. These contests often invite citizens to contribute, fostering local pride from the very beginning.

One classic example comes from Indiana, where the state’s current banner was chosen through a contest held in 1916 to commemorate its centennial. Sponsored by the Indiana Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the competition drew over 200 submissions. The winning design by Paul Hadley featured a radiant torch surrounded by stars, chosen for its symbolism of enlightenment and progress. When the General Assembly approved it in 1917, only one change was made later—adding “Indiana” above the largest star. Hadley’s contribution was so celebrated that his hometown later adopted “Home of the State Flag” as a motto.

Other states have embraced public design processes more recently. Maine opened a contest in 2024, inviting residents to submit proposals inspired by the state’s original 1901 flag. This initiative, part of a process leading to a public vote on a new flag, shows how community involvement in flag design remains alive today.

Similarly, Illinois launched a public redesign contest that attracted nearly 5,000 submissions, with finalists including historical flag designs and entirely new concepts reflecting state symbols like Abraham Lincoln, butterflies, and agriculture. Voters could weigh in before lawmakers make a final decision on the next flag. Across these contests, the message is clear: state flags are not static relics. They can evolve with public sentiment and reflect contemporary values while honoring history.

Iconic Designs & Interesting Stories

Not all state flags came from contests, but many have compelling design origins. New Mexico’s flag, adopted in 1925, is admired by vexillologists and laypeople alike for its simplicity and symbolism. Its striking red Zia sun symbol on a field of yellow draws from Indigenous heritage and Spanish colonial colors, making it one of the most distinctive and aesthetically praised designs in the nation.

Some flags have odd or unique features. Ohio stands alone among state flags with a non rectangular, swallowtail shape—known as a burgee—reflecting influences from cavalry guidon banners. Meanwhile, Oregon’s flag is the only state flag with distinct front and back imagery, featuring the state seal on one side and a beaver on the reverse—a nod to Oregon’s state animal.

Many state flags incorporate symbolism that’s deeply rooted in their heritage. Mississippi’s current design, adopted in 2021 following public vote, showcases a magnolia blossom encircled by stars and the motto “In God We Trust,” representing Native American tribes, statehood, and unity.

Fun Facts & Flag Lore

Beyond design origin stories, state flags are full of fun and unusual facts. Red, white, and blue dominate most flags, linking visual identity back to national colors and heritage. At least one state flag features a unique shape, Ohio’s swallowtail banner, while others, like Alabama’s St. Andrew’s cross, sparked debates about proportions before settling into a rectangle in the late 20th century. Flags can also be tied to broader cultural moments. During America’s bicentennial, a nationwide design showcase highlighted alternative state flag proposals, demonstrating ongoing interest in creative reinterpretations.

Why State Flags Matter

State flags do more than flutter on a pole. They reflect heritage, prompt civic engagement, and spark discussion about identity and values. Whether born from century-old contests, modern redesign efforts, or inspired by distinctive local symbols, these flags unite residents and tell a story worth flying high.

Explore our selection of every state flag and accessories, and let the rich history behind each one inspire your own pride in display. We have every state flag, including the Minnesota State Flag 2024 New Version, the Texas State Flag, the Florida State Flag, the California State Flag, and the New York State Flag.